Coil tubing unit for oil production and remedial measures /
Well activation is one of the most important aspects in the oil and gas industries and nitrogen gas is predominately used. The gas, being light, is sent down the producing reservoir which will enhance the production or improve the flow of crude oil. In addition to the methods used to increase produc...
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Electronic eBook |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Aalborg :
River Publishers,
2021
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Series: | River Publishers series in chemical, environmental, and energy engineering.
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Subjects: | |
Local Note: | ProQuest Ebook Central |
Table of Contents:
- Front Cover
- Coil Tubing Unit for Oil Production and Remedial Measures
- Contents
- Preface
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Abbreviations
- 1 Nitrogen Application
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 History of N2
- 1.2.1 N2 Properties
- 1.3 Cryogenics
- 1.3.1 Introduction
- 1.4 Basic Equipment
- 1.4.1 Storage Tank
- 1.4.2 Pumping System
- 1.4.3 Vaporizer System
- 1.5 Safety
- 1.5.1 General Information
- 1.5.2 Safety Bulletin from CGA (Compressed Gas Association)
- 1.5.3 Oxygen-deficient Atmospheres
- 1.5.4 Safety for Handling and Exposure
- 1.6 N2 Service Applications
- 1.6.1 Displacement
- 1.6.2 Nitrified Fluids-Acidisation
- 1.6.3 Atomized Atom
- 1.6.4 Foamed Acid
- 1.6.4.1 N2 Retention
- 1.6.4.2 Diverting
- 1.6.4.3 Production of Fines
- 1.6.4.4 Foamed Acid Guidelines
- 1.6.5 Aerating Conventional Fluids
- 1.6.6 Pipeline Purging
- 1.6.7 Use of Foam as a Drilling and Workover Fluid
- 1.7 Foam Clean Out
- 1.7.1 Introduction
- 1.7.2 Foam Stability and Viscosity
- 1.7.3 Fire Control
- 1.8 Water Control Technique by N2 Injection
- 1.8.1 Introduction
- 1.8.2 Technology
- 1.8.3 Job Description
- 1.8.4 Commercial Viability
- 1.8.5 Quick and Easy
- 1.8.6 Versatility and Adaptability
- 1.8.7 Economical
- 1.8.8 Freeding Differentially Stuck Drill Pipe
- 1.8.8.1 N2 Lift
- 1.8.8.2 N2 cushion
- 1.9 Case Study
- I
- 1.10 Results/Remarks
- 1.11 Conclusion
- 1.12 Specification of N2 Pumpers Available with WSS COLD END
- 2 Water Control
- 2.1 Introduction to Water Production
- 2.1.1 Methods to Predict, Prevent, Delay and Reduce Excessive Water Production
- 2.1.1.1 Oil and Water production rates and ratios
- 2.1.1.1.1 Material Mass Balance
- 2.1.1.1.2 Darcy's Law
- 2.1.1.1.3 Productivity index
- 2.1.1.1.4 Simulators
- 2.1.1.2 Rate-limited facilities
- 2.1.1.3 Water production effect on bypassed oil
- 2.1.1.4 Reservoir maturity
- 2.1.1.5 Water production rate effect on corrosion rates
- 2.1.1.6 Water production rate effect on scale deposition rates
- 2.1.1.7 Water production rate effect on sand production
- 2.2 Water Production Mechanisms
- 2.2.1 Completions-Related Mechanisms
- 2.2.1.1 Casing leaks
- 2.2.1.2 Channel behind casing
- 2.2.1.3 Completion into Water
- 2.2.2 Reservoir-Related Mechanisms
- 2.2.2.1 Bottomwater
- 2.2.2.2 Barrier breakdown
- 2.2.2.3 Coning and cresting
- 2.2.2.4 Channeling through high permeability
- 2.2.2.5 Fracture communication between injector and producer
- 2.2.2.6 Stimulation out of zone
- 2.3 Preventing Excessive Water Production
- 2.3.1 Preventing Casing Leaks
- 2.3.2 Preventing Channels Behind Casing
- 2.3.3 Preventing Coning and Cresting
- 2.3.4 Perforating
- 2.3.5 Fracturing
- 2.3.6 Artificial Barriers
- 2.3.7 Dual Completions
- 2.3.8 Horizontal Wells to Prevent Coning
- 2.3.9 Preventing Channeling Through High Permeability
- 2.3.9.1 Perforating
- 2.3.9.2 Stimulation techniques
- 2.3.9.3 Permeability reduction